Interview Question And Anser For Fresher And Experienced In Asp.net Part 4

1.	What is Delegates?
	Delegates are a type-safe, object-oriented implementation of function pointers and are used in many situations where a component needs to call back to the component that is using it. Delegates are generally used as basis of events, which allow any delegate to easily be registered for as event.

2.	What are different types of Assemblies?
	§  Single file and multi file assembly. §  Assemblies can be static or dynamic. §  Private assemblies and shared assemblies.

3.	What is a DataSet?
	A DataSet is an in memory representation of data loaded from any data source.

3.	What is the difference between System.String and System.Text.StringBuilder classes?
	System.String is immutable. System.StringBuilder was designed with the purpose of having a mutable string where a variety of operations can be performed.

4.	What are Cascading style sheets?
	Cascading style sheets (CSS) collect and organize all of the formatting information applied to HTML elements on a Web form. Because they keep this information in a single location, style sheets make it easy to adjust the appearance of Web applications.
5.	What is boxing and unboxing?
	Implicit conversion of value type to reference type of a variable is known as BOXING, for example integer to object type conversion. Conversion of reference type variable back to value type is called as UnBoxing.

6.	What is garbage collection?
	Garbage collection is a system whereby a run-time component takes responsibility for managing the lifetime of objects and the heap memory that they occupy.

7.	What is serialization?
	Serialization is the process of converting an object into a stream of bytes. Deserialization is the opposite process of creating an object from a stream of bytes. Serialization / Deserialization is mostly used to transport objects.

8.	What is the differnce between Managed code and unmanaged code?
	Managed Code: Code that runs under a "contract of cooperation" with the common language runtime. Managed code must supply the metadata necessary for the runtimeto provide services such as memory management, cross-language integration, code access security, and automatic lifetime control of objects. All code based on Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) executes as managed code. Un-Managed Code:Code that is created without regard for the conventions and requirements of the common language runtime. Unmanaged code executes in the common language runtime environment with minimal services (for example, no garbage collection, limited debugging, and so on).

9.	What is difference between constants, readonly and, static?
	§  Constants: The value can’t be changed. §  Read-only: The value will be initialized only once from the constructor of the class. §  Static: Value can be initialized once.
10.		How do you hide the columns?
		One way to have columns appear dynamically is to create them at design time, and then to hide or show them as needed. You can do this by setting a column’s “Visible” property.

11.	What are the difference between const and readonly?
	§  A const can not be static, while readonly can be static. §  A const need to be declared and initialized at declaration only, while a readonly can be initialized at declaration or by the code in the constructor. §  A const’s value is evaluated at design time, while a readonly’s value is evaluated at runtime.

12.	What is the difference between early binding and late binding?
	Calling a non-virtual method, decided at a compile time is known as early binding. Calling a virtual method (Pure Polymorphism), decided at a runtime is known as late binding.

13.	What is Common Language Runtime?
	CLR also known as Common Language Run time provides a environment in which program are executed, it activate object, perform security check on them, lay them out in the memory, execute them and garbage collect them.

14.	What is Intermediate Language?
	MSIL are also known as Microsoft Intermediate Language is the CPU-independent instruction set into which .Net framework programs are compiled. It contains instructions for loading, storing initializing, and calling methods on objects.
15.	What is the differences between Server-side and Client-side code?
	§  Server-side code executes on the server. §  Client-side code executes in the client’s browser.

16.	What is the difference between static or dynamic assemblies?
	Assemblies can be static or dynamic. Static assemblies can include .NET Framework types (interfaces and classes), as well as resources for the assembly (bitmaps, JPEG files, resource files, and so on). Static assemblies are stored on disk in portable executable (PE) files. Dynamic assemblies, which are run directly from memory and are not saved to disk before execution. You can save dynamic assemblies to disk after they have executed.

17.	What are the difference between Structure and Class?
	§  Structures are value type and Classes are reference type §  Structures can not have constructor or destructors. §  Classes can have both constructor and destructors. §  Structures do not support Inheritance, while Classes support Inheritance.

18.	What is the differences between dataset.clone and dataset.copy?
	Dataset.clone copies just the structure of dataset (including all the datatables, schemas, relations and constraints.); however it doesn’t copy the data. Dataset.copy, copies both the dataset structure and the data.

19.	What is datagrid?
	The DataGrid Web server control is a powerful tool for displaying information from a data source. It is easy to use; you can display editable data in a professional-looking grid by setting only a few properties. At the same time, the grid has a sophisticated object model that provides you with great flexibility in how you display the data.
20.	What is Difference between Namespace and Assembly?
	Namespace is a logical design-time naming convenience, whereas an assembly establishes the name scope for types at run time.

21.	What is the difference between early binding and late binding?
	Calling a non-virtual method, decided at a compile time is known as early binding. Calling a virtual method (Pure Polymorphism), decided at a runtime is known as late binding.

22.	What is reflection?
	All .NET compilers produce metadata about the types defined in the modules they produce. This metadata is packaged along with the module (modules in turn are packaged together in assemblies), and can be accessed by a mechanism called reflection. The System.Reflection namespace contains classes that can be used to interrogate the types for a module/assembly.

23.	What namespace does the Web page belong in the .NET Framework class hierarchy?
	System.Web.UI.Page

24.	What is a bubbled event?
	When you have a complex control, like DataGrid, writing an event processing routine for each object (cell, button, row, etc.) is quite tedious. The controls can bubble up their event handlers, allowing the main DataGrid event handler to take care of its constituents.
25.	What is ValidationSummary?
	ValidationSummary - It show a summary of errors raised by each control on the page on a specific spot or in a message box.

26.	How do you indentify that the page is post back?
	By checking the IsPostBack property. If IsPostBack is True, the page has been posted back.

27.	what are the types of ASP Objects?
	There are various types of Asp objects §  Session Object §  Application Object §  Server Object §  Request Object §  Request Object §  Response Object §  Object Context §  Error Object

27.	What are remotable objects in .NET Remoting?
	Remotable objects are the objects that can be marshaled across the application domains. You can marshal by value, where a deep copy of the object is created and then passed to the receiver. You can also marshal by reference, where just a reference to an existing object is passed.

28.	What is the difference between ASP Session and ASP.NET Session?
	Asp.net session supports cookie less session & it can span across multiple servers.
29.	What is role based security?
	By default, ASP.NET will store the session state in the same process that processes the request, just as ASP does. If cookies are not available, a session can be tracked by adding a session identifier to the URL.

30.	What is the difference between Asp and Asp.net?
	ASP (Active Server Pages) and ASP.NET are both server side technologies for building web sites and web applications, ASP.NET is Managed compiled code - asp is interpreted. and ASP.net is fully Object oriented. ASP.NET has been entirely re-architected to provide a highly productive programming experience based on the .NET Framework, and a robust infrastructure for building reliable and scalable web applications.

31.	What is the base class of Asp.net?
	system.Web.UI

32.	what is use of web.config?
	§  Web.config is used connect database from front end to back end. §  Web.config is used to maintain the Appsettimgs instead of static variables.

33.	What is RangeValidator?
	RangeValidator - checks whether a value falls within a given range of number, date or string.
34.	How do you turn off cookies for one page in your site?
	Use the Cookie. Discard Property which Gets or sets the discard flag set by the server. When true, this property instructs the client application not to save the Cookie on the users hard disk when a session ends.

35.	What does assert () do?
	In debug compilation, assert takes in a Boolean condition as a parameter, and shows the error dialog if the condition is false. The program proceeds without any interruption if the condition is true.

36.	What is cookie less session? How it works?
	By default, ASP.NET will store the session state in the same process that processes the request, just as ASP does. If cookies are not available, a session can be tracked by adding a session identifier to the URL.

37.	What is the difference between Compiler and Interpreter?
	Compiler: A compiler is a program that translates program (called source code) written in some high level language into object code.A compiler translates high-level instructions directly into machine language and this process is called compiling. Interpreter: An interpreter translates high-level instructions into an intermediate form, which it then executes. Interpreter analyzes and executes each line of source code in succession, without looking at the entire program; the advantage of interpreters is that they can execute a program immediately.

38.	Where is View State information stored?
	In HTML Hidden Fields.
39.	What is the top .NET class that everything is derived from?
	System.Object

40.	What is Marshalling?
	Marshaling is a process of making an object in one process (the server) available to another process (the client). There are two ways to achieve the marshalling. §  Marshal by value §  Marshal by reference.

41.	What is a Static class?
	Static class is a class which can be used or accessed without creating an instance of the class.

42.	What is sealed class
	§  Sealed classes are those classes which can not be inherited and thus any sealed class member can not be derived in any other class. §  A sealed class cannot also be an abstract class.

43.	What are the components of web form in ASP.NET?
	§  Server controls §  HTML controls §  Data controls §  System components.
44.	Which template is to be provided in the Repeater control in order to display a data?
	§  ItemTemplate §  AlternatingItemTemplate.

45.	What are the advantages of an assembly?
	§  Increased performance. §  Better code management and encapsulation. §  It also introduces the n-tier concepts and business logic.

45.	What is an ArrayList?
	The ArrayList object is a collection of items containing a single data type values.

46.	What is the difference between a Thread and a Process?
	A thread is a path of execution that run on CPU, a proccess is a collection of threads that share the same virtual memory. A process have at least one thread of execution, and a thread always run in a process context.

47.	What's the difference between the Debug class and Trace class?
	§  Documentation looks the same. §  Use Debug class for debug builds. §  use Trace class for both debug and release builds.
48.	What’s the difference between Response.Write () and Response.Output.Write()?
	Response.Outout.Write allows us to write the formatted out put.

49.	What namespaces must you import to use data mechanisms in your ASP.NET pages?
	System.Data, and optionally either System.Data.OleDb or System.Data.SQL. These provide additional methods and objects that allow you to work with databases.

50.	What is the difference between page level caching and fragment caching?
	In the page level caching, an entire Web page is cached; whereas, in the fragment caching, a part of the Web page, such as a user control added to the Web page, is cached.

51.	Which class deals wit the user’s locale information?
	System.Web.UI.Page.Culture

52.	What are the different types of Caching?
	There are three types of Caching : §  Output Caching : stores the responses from an asp.net page. §  Fragment Caching : Only caches/stores the portion of page (User Control) §  Data Caching : is Programmatic way to Cache objects for performance.
53.	What two properties should every Validation control have?
	§  ControlToValidate and §  ErrorMessage

54.	How to Manage State in ASP.Net?
	There are several ways to manage a state. §  ViewState §  QueryString §  Cookies §  Session §  Application

55.	How big is the datatype int in .NET?
	32 bits

56.	How does ASP.NET work with the client and server machines?
	ASP.NET uses client-side code to send messages back to the server. Thus, the server can be aware of what's happening on the client.

57.	How do you turn off cookies in one page of your asp.net application?
	We may not use them at the max, However to allow the cookies or not, is client side functionality.